CP Violation in D0−D0‾D^0-\overline{D^0}Mixing

The existence of $D^0-\overline{D^0}$ mixing at a detectable level requires new physics, which effectively yields a $\Delta c = 2$ superweak interaction. In general this interaction may involve significant CP violation. For small values of the mixing it may be much easier to detect the CP-violating part of the mixing than the CP-conserving part.Comment: 3 pages, latex, no figure

Criminal Law: Customer’s Permanent Exclusion From Retail Store Due to Prior Shoplifting Arrests Held Enforceable Under Criminal Trespass Statute

In interpretive research, trustworthiness has developed to become an important alternative for measuring the value of research and its effects, as well as leading the way of providing for rigour in the research process. The article develops the argument that trustworthiness plays an important role in not only effecting change in a research project’s original setting, but also that trustworthy research contributes toward building a body of knowledge that can play an important role in societal change. An essential aspect in the development of this trustworthiness is its relationship to context. To deal with the multiplicity of meanings of context, we distinguish between contexts at different levels of the research project: the domains of the researcher, the collective, and the individual participant. Furthermore, we argue that depending on the primary purpose associated with the collective learning potential, critical potential, or performative potential of phenomenographic research, developing trustworthiness may take different forms and is related to aspects of pedagogical legitimacy, social legitimacy, and epistemological legitimacy. Trustworthiness in phenomenographic research is further analysed by distinguishing between the internal horizon – the constitution of trustworthiness as it takes place within the research project – and the external horizon, which points to the impact of the phenomenographic project in the world mediated by trustworthiness

When traditional information technology project managers encounter the cloud: Opportunities and dilemmas in the transition to cloud services

Cloud computing has rapidly changed the conventional way information technology (IT) products and services are delivered. This study aims to identify the opportunities and dilemmas IT project managers are encountering in managing cloud projects, and to develop a system dynamics model to capture the complexity of cloud adoption. A questionnaire survey was conducted among IT project managers and data were analyzed via T-Tests, ANOVA, and principal component analysis. The identified opportunities and dilemmas in adopting cloud services formed the elements in the system dynamics model. Findings revealed incorporating cloud services in IT projects could shorten project timeline, optimize project scope, and reduce project cost. However, project managers also expressed concern about data privacy, security, IT governance, and local regulation when moving services to the cloud. Incorporation of proper change management plan and detailed risk management plan are required to identify the privacy and regulatory concerns

Defects in Affordable Housing Projects in Klang Valley, Malaysia

Several affordable housing programs have been introduced by the government to achieve the objectives of several Malaysia Plans; however, the success of the housing programs has been reduced due to readily reported quality problems and defects. This research aims to identify the types of defects in affordable housing and determine what is causing the defects, so that solutions may be devised to raise the quality of housing stock in Malaysia. A questionnaire survey was distributed to 310 residents of affordable housing, located in four different regions in Klang Valley, Malaysia. The most commonly occurring defects in affordable housing are leaking pipes, total failure of water supply systems, cracking in concrete walls, faulty door knobs, and dampness to concrete walls. This suggests that improvements in workmanship, the use of superior materials, and changes to more customer-oriented supervision and monitoring may reduce the incidence of defects. Local conditions, such as heavy rainfall, may influence dampness, and may reduce the generalizability of findings to other areas with different weather patterns. The findings have been reported to the Construction Industry Development Board of Malaysia to improve the quality of affordable housing

Nonlinear Scattering of a Bose-Einstein Condensate on a Rectangular Barrier

We consider the nonlinear scattering and transmission of an atom laser, or Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) on a finite rectangular potential barrier. The nonlinearity inherent in this problem leads to several new physical features beyond the well-known picture from single-particle quantum mechanics. We find numerical evidence for a denumerably infinite string of bifurcations in the transmission resonances as a function of nonlinearity and chemical potential, when the potential barrier is wide compared to the wavelength of oscillations in the condensate. Near the bifurcations, we observe extended regions of near-perfect resonance, in which the barrier is effectively invisible to the BEC. Unlike in the linear case, it is mainly the barrier width, not the height, that controls the transmission behavior. We show that the potential barrier can be used to create and localize a dark soliton or dark soliton train from a phonon-like standing wave.Comment: 15 pages, 15 figures, new version includes clarification of definition of transmission coefficient in general nonlinear vs. linear cas

Formation of Random Dark Envelope Solitons from Incoherent Waves

This letter reports experimental results on a new type of soliton: the random temporal dark soliton. One excites an incoherent large-amplitude propagating spin-wave packet in a ferromagnetic film strip with a repulsive, instantaneous nonlinearity. One then observes the random formation of dark solitons from this wave packet. The solitons appear randomly in time and in position relative to the entire wave packet. They can be gray or black. For wide and/or very strong spin-wave packets, one also observes multiple dark solitons. In spite of the randomness of the initial wave packets and the random formation processes, the solitons show signatures that are found for conventional coherent dark solitons.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, double-spaced preprint forma

A clinical investigation of the Bausch and Lomb and American Hydron toric soft contact lenses

A clinical evaluation was made comparing two soft toric lenses currently available. Both lenses are front surface toric lenses utilizing lenticular design to reduce edge thickness, and employing prism ballast for stabilization. In addition, the Hydron lens has an aspheric back surface and uses a truncation for increased stabilization. Eighteen eyes were fit with the Bausch and Lomb lens of which 62.S percent achieved success. Of those successful, 70 percent were wearing the lenses first fit. After one refit or reorder all patients achieved success. Of the 21 eyes fit with the Hydron lens, 80 percent were considered successful. The first fit success rate was 75 percent and after one refit or reorder, all patients achieved success. Pachometry findings revealed that the Hydron lens induced greater corneal thickness increase than the Bausch and Lomb lens

Observation of Spin Wave Soliton Fractals in Magnetic Film Active Feedback Rings

The manifestation of fractals in soliton dynamics has been observed for the first time. The experiment utilized self-generated spin wave envelope solitons in a magnetic film based active feedback ring. At high ring gain, the soliton that circulates in the ring breathes in a fractal pattern. The corresponding power frequency spectrum shows a comb structure, with each peak in the comb having its own comb, and so on, to finer and finer scales.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Desperately Seeking Dissonance: Identifying the Disconfirming Case in Qualitative Evidence Synthesis

Actively seeking the disconfirming or deviant case is properly regarded as a hallmark of trustworthiness in primary qualitative research. The need to subject emergent theory to such testing is no less important within qualitative systematic reviews. There is, as yet, little available guidance on how to implement such strategies. Few researchers have described the practicalities of seeking the disconfirming case. We survey the methodological literature to gain a better understanding of how systematic reviews of qualitative research handle the disconfirming case. We reflect on our own experience from three recent qualitative evidence syntheses. We describe how reviewers might actively manufacture opportunities to identify discrepant or refutational findings. We conclude by outlining possible methods by which a team might integrate active seeking of a disconfirming case within the overall review process